{"id":1303,"date":"2012-11-12T11:25:17","date_gmt":"2012-11-12T11:25:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/localhost\/rs\/en\/the-rights-of-non-muslims-in-islam-part-5-of-13-the-right-to-freedom-of-belief-i\/"},"modified":"2012-11-12T11:25:17","modified_gmt":"2012-11-12T11:25:17","slug":"the-rights-of-non-muslims-in-islam-part-5-of-13-the-right-to-freedom-of-belief-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/r-islam.com\/en\/the-rights-of-non-muslims-in-islam-part-5-of-13-the-right-to-freedom-of-belief-i\/","title":{"rendered":"The Rights of Non-Muslims in Islam (part 5 of 13): The Right to Freedom of Belief I"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

Islam does not compel people of other faiths to convert. \u00a0It has given them complete freedom to retain their own faith and not to be forced to embrace Islam.\u00a0 This freedom is documented in both the Quran and the prophetic teachings known as Sunnah. \u00a0God addresses the Prophet Muhammad in the Quran: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIf it had been your Lord\u2019s will, they would all have believed \u2013 all of who are on earth! \u00a0Will you then compel humankind, against their will, to believe?\u201d<\/span><\/strong> (Quran 10:99)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Prophet Muhammad, may the mercy and blessings of God be upon him, would give people a choice between entering Islam and retaining their religion. \u00a0He would ask them to accept Islam only after making an agreement with them, once they had become residents in the Islamic state and felt secure about their personal safety and property.\u00a0 This allowed them to appreciate the security of the covenant with God and His Prophet.\u00a0 It is precisely for this reason that the non-Muslim citizens are referred to as dhimmis, Zuhaili, Wahba, \u2018al-Islam wa Ghayr al-Muslimeen,\u2019<\/em> p. 60-61. When the Prophet of God sent a commander of an army or a battalion off to war, the Prophet would command him to be conscious of God in his conduct and to treat his Muslim companions well. \u00a0Then the Prophet of Mercy would instruct him:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSet out for battle for the sake of God and fight those who disbelieve in Him.\u00a0 Go into battle, but do not go to extremes, behave treacherously, mutilate their dead, or kill children.\u00a0 When you meet your enemies, the unbelievers, offer them three options, and accept any one of them to which they agree and cease the battle:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(a)\u00a0\u00a0 Invite them to join Islam.\u00a0 If they agree, then accept this and cease the battle.\u00a0 Then invite them to move from their lands to the Land of the Immigrants (Medina), and inform them that if they do so, they will have the same privileges and obligations as the other migrants.\u00a0 If they refuse to migrate from their lands, inform them that they will have the same status as the nomadic Muslims: that they will be subject to the Law of God which applies to all Muslims, and that they do not have a share in wealth obtained from conquest, unless they participate in the jihad with the Muslims.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(b)\u00a0 If they refuse, then ask them to pay the jizyah,Jizya: a protection tax payable by non-Muslims as a tribute to the Muslim ruler, and if they agree, then accept it from them and cease the battle.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

(c)\u00a0\u00a0 If they refuse all this, then seek God\u2019s help and battle with them.\u2019\u201d<\/strong><\/a><\/span> Saheeh Muslim<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

These directives of the Prophet were in obedience to what God says in the Quran:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cLet there be no compulsion in religion; truth stands clear from error: whoever rejects false gods and believes in God has grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold that never breaks.\u00a0 And God hears and knows all things.\u201d<\/span><\/strong> (Quran 2:256)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Edwin Calgary<\/span><\/strong>, an American scholar, wrote about this verse, \u2018There is a verse in the Quran that is filled with truth and wisdom, and it is known to all Muslims.\u00a0 Everyone else should know it as well; it is the one that says there is no compulsion in religion.\u2019Quoted in Young, Quailar, \u2018The Near East: Society & Culture,\u2019<\/span><\/em> p. 163-164<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

This verse was revealed concerning some of the residents of Medina.\u00a0 When none of the children of the pagan women of Medina survived infancy, they would make a vow to make the child a Jew or a Christian if he lived.\u00a0 When Islam came to Medina, they had adult children who were Jewish or Christian.\u00a0 The parents tried to compel them to embrace the new religion, so this verse was revealed to prevent them from doing so.\u00a0 The verse and the history of its revelation reveals that it is not permissible to force anyone to become a Muslim.\u00a0 This is the case even if it is the parent who wants the best for their offspring, and their children become members of another religion.\u00a0 The Quran rejects forcing anyone to join Islam.Qaradawi, Yusuf, \u2018Ghayr al-Muslimeen fil-Mujtama\u2019 al-Islami,\u2019<\/em> p. 18-19 God says in the Quran:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSay, \u2018The truth is from your Lord,\u2019 let him who will, believe and let him who will, reject, it.\u00a0 For the wrongdoers We have prepared a Fire whose (smoke and flames are) like the wall and roof of a tent, will hem them in: if they implore relief they will be granted water like molten brass that will scald their faces.\u00a0 How dreadful the drink! \u00a0How uncomfortable a couch to recline on!\u201d <\/span><\/strong>(Quran 18:29)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Not only does Islam give the freedom of religious freedom to non-Muslims, its tolerant law extends to the preservation of their places of worship.Aayed, Saleh Hussain, \u2018Huquq Ghayr al-Muslimeen fi Bilad il-Islam,\u2019<\/em> p. 23-24. God says in the Quran:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c(They are) those who have been evicted from their homes without right \u2014 only because they say, \u2018Our Lord is God.\u2019 \u00a0And was it not that God checks the people, some by means of others, there would have been demolished\u00a0 monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques in which the name of God is much mentioned (praised).\u00a0 And God will surely support those who support Him (meaning His cause).\u00a0 Indeed, God is Powerful and Exalted in Might.\u201d <\/span><\/strong>(Quran 22:40)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The Muslim caliphs used to order their military leaders who went on military campaigns to take steps to guarantee this matter.\u00a0 The first example is the command of Abu Bakr to Usamah bin Zayd:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018I command you to do ten things: kill no woman, no child, nor an elderly person; do not cut down fruit trees, or vandalize homes, or wound a sheep or camel except if you must eat it; do not drown a palm tree, or burn it, do not be treacherous; do not be cowardly; and you will pass by people who have devoted themselves to monastery life; leave them alone to their devotions.\u2019Tabari, Tarirk al-Tabari,<\/span><\/em> vol 3, p. 210.
<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The second example is the treaty of Umar ibn al-Khattab with the people of Iliya of Jerusalem:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018This is the security given by the slave of God, Umar, the Commander of the Faithful, to the people of Iliya: they are guaranteed the security if their persons, possessions, churches, crucifixes, and everyone within, whether sick or in good health, as well as everyone in their community.\u00a0 Their churches will not be occupied or demolished, nor will anything be taken from them: neither furnishings nor crucifixes or money.\u00a0 They will not be forced away from their religion, or harmed because of it.\u00a0 They will not be occupied by the Jewish settlers in Iliya.\u2019<\/a><\/a>Tabari, Tarirk al-Tabari,<\/span><\/em> vol 3, p. 159. <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

As a result, since the era of the rightly-guided caliphs, Jews and Christians have held their services in freedom and security.Qaradawi, Yusuf, \u2018al-Aqaliyyat ad-Diniyya wa-Hal al-Islami,\u2019<\/em> p. 13.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ref. www.islamreligion.com
<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Islam does not compel people of other faiths to convert. \u00a0It has given them complete freedom to retain their own faith and not to be forced to embrace Islam.\u00a0 This… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":1302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-christianity"],"yoast_head":"\nThe Rights of Non-Muslims in Islam (part 5 of 13): The Right to Freedom of Belief I - Right Islam<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Islam, convert to Islam, search for truth, miracles in Quran, Miracles in Sunnah, Scientific miracles, embracing Islam, famous convert to Islam, Quran, Sunnah, Truth of Christianity, Prophet Muhammad, Messengers, misconceptions, truth of Islam, light, darkness, god, real god, evolution, religion,bible, jesus,paul, trinity, holy spirit, Virgin mary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/r-islam.com\/en\/the-rights-of-non-muslims-in-islam-part-5-of-13-the-right-to-freedom-of-belief-i\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The Rights of Non-Muslims in Islam (part 5 of 13): The Right to Freedom of Belief I - 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